How Prediction Markets Work

Prediction markets allow people to bet on future outcomes. The collective bets create a probability estimate that often outperforms expert forecasts.


Basic Concept

Think of it like a stock market for events:

  • Each market poses a YES/NO question about a future outcome

  • Users buy YES or NO positions with SOL

  • Position prices reflect the crowd's probability estimate

  • Winners receive payouts after the market is settled

Unlike traditional betting where a bookmaker sets odds, prediction markets use crowd wisdom—the aggregate of all participants' beliefs and capital.


How Oracle Degen's AMM Works

Oracle Degen uses an Automated Market Maker (AMM) similar to Uniswap, but for predictions instead of token swaps.

Starting State

Every market begins with equal liquidity:

  • YES Pool: 1 SOL

  • NO Pool: 1 SOL

  • Implied Odds: 50% YES / 50% NO

The Constant Product Formula

The AMM maintains a constant product: k = YES_liquidity × NO_liquidity

When you bet, you're adding liquidity to one side, which shifts the ratio and changes the odds.


Example Market Flow

Market: "Will $TROLL reach $175M market cap before October 11, 2025?"

Initial State

  • YES liquidity: 1 SOL

  • NO liquidity: 1 SOL

  • YES odds: 50% | NO odds: 50%

Alice bets 0.02 SOL on YES

  • YES liquidity: 1.02 SOL

  • NO liquidity: ~0.98 SOL (calculated via AMM)

  • New odds: ~51% YES / 49% NO

Alice receives shares based on how much the NO pool decreased. These shares determine her payout if YES wins.

Bob bets 0.03 SOL on NO

  • YES liquidity: ~1.01 SOL

  • NO liquidity: 1.01 SOL

  • New odds: ~50% YES / 50% NO (back to equilibrium)

The market self-corrects as bets flow in both directions.


Odds Calculation

Oracle Degen calculates display odds using pool ratios:

YES odds % = (NO_liquidity / total_liquidity) × 100

NO odds % = (YES_liquidity / total_liquidity) × 100

Important: These are implied probabilities, not fixed multipliers. Your actual payout depends on:

  1. Your share of the winning pool

  2. The size of the losing pool

  3. The 2% platform fee


Payout Mechanism

How Winnings Are Calculated

When a market settles, the losing pool is distributed proportionally to winners.

Formula:

  • Total losing pool = all SOL bet on the losing side

  • Platform fee = 2% of losing pool

  • Net pool = losing pool - fee

  • Your share = (your bet / total winning pool) × 100%

  • Your winnings = your bet + (net pool × your share)

Real Example

Market Result: YES wins

Pool State at Settlement:

  • Total YES bets: 2 SOL (you contributed 0.5 SOL = 25% of YES pool)

  • Total NO bets: 1 SOL

Your Payout:

  • Losing pool: 1 SOL

  • Platform fee: 1 × 2% = 0.02 SOL

  • Net losing pool: 0.98 SOL

  • Your share: 25% of YES pool

  • Your portion of losing pool: 0.98 × 0.25 = 0.245 SOL

  • Total payout: 0.5 (original) + 0.245 (winnings) = 0.745 SOL

  • Profit: 0.245 SOL (49% return)

If NO wins:

  • You lose your 0.5 SOL

  • NO holders split the YES pool proportionally


Key Differences from Traditional Betting

Traditional Sportsbook
Oracle Degen AMM

Fixed odds at bet time

Dynamic odds that shift with volume

House sets the line

Market participants set the odds

House takes opposite side

Platform never bets against you

~10% vig (juice)

2% fee on winnings only

Opaque pricing

Fully transparent, on-chain math


Why AMMs Are Better for Predictions

1. No Counterparty Risk

The platform doesn't bet against you. Your opponent is other users, and funds are locked in smart contracts.

2. Efficient Pricing

Markets quickly incorporate new information as users adjust their positions.

3. Always Liquid

You can always place a bet. There's no need to find a counterparty—the AMM provides instant liquidity.

4. Manipulation Resistant

With a 0.05 SOL max bet, whales can't easily manipulate odds. Even large bets only shift odds slightly due to the constant product formula.


Important Notes

  • Max Bet: 0.05 SOL per market (prevents manipulation)

  • Fee: 2% on winnings only (losers pay no fee—they already lost their stake)

  • No Refunds: Once a bet is placed, it's locked until settlement

  • Settlement is Final: Admin decisions are recorded on-chain and cannot be reversed


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